Short‐term capacity allocation problem with tool and setup constraints

We consider a short‐term capacity allocation problem with tool and setup constraints that arises in the context of operational planning in a semiconductor wafer fabrication facility. The problem is that of allocating the available capacity of parallel nonidentical machines to available work‐in‐process (WIP) inventory of operations. Each machine can process a subset of the operations and a tool setup is required on a machine to change processing from one operation to another. Both the number of tools available for an operation and the number of setups that can be performed on a machine during a specified time horizon are limited. We formulate this problem as a degree‐constrained network flow problem on a bipartite graph, show that the problem is NP‐hard, and propose constant factor approximation algorithms. We also develop constructive heuristics and a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure for the problem. Our computational experiments demonstrate that our solution procedures solve the problem efficiently, rendering the use of our algorithms in real environment feasible. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

A continuous‐time strategic capacity planning model

Capacity planning decisions affect a significant portion of future revenue. In the semiconductor industry, they need to be made in the presence of both highly volatile demand and long capacity installation lead‐times. In contrast to traditional discrete‐time models, we present a continuous‐time stochastic programming model for multiple resource types and product families. We show how this approach can solve capacity planning problems of reasonable size and complexity with provable efficiency. This is achieved by an application of the divide‐and‐conquer algorithm, convexity, submodularity, and the open‐pit mining problem. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

Efficient generation of cycle time‐throughput curves through simulation and metamodeling

A cycle time‐throughput (CT‐TH) curve, which quantifies the relationship of long‐run average cycle time to throughput rate, plays an important role in strategic planning for manufacturing systems. In this paper, a nonlinear regression metamodel supported by queueing theory is developed to represent the underlying CT‐TH curve implied by a manufacturing simulation model. To estimate the model efficiently, simulation experiments are built up sequentially using a multistage procedure. Extensive numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

Robust capacity planning in semiconductor manufacturing

We present a stochastic programming approach to capacity planning under demand uncertainty in semiconductor manufacturing. Given multiple demand scenarios together with associated probabilities, our aim is to identify a set of tools that is a good compromise for all these scenarios. More precisely, we formulate a mixed‐integer program in which expected value of the unmet demand is minimized subject to capacity and budget constraints. This is a difficult two‐stage stochastic mixed‐integer program which cannot be solved to optimality in a reasonable amount of time. We instead propose a heuristic that can produce near‐optimal solutions. Our heuristic strengthens the linear programming relaxation of the formulation with cutting planes and performs limited enumeration. Analyses of the results in some real‐life situations are also presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

锰硅化合物Mn4Si7能带结构的研究

MnSi1.7在光电子器件领域有广泛的应用前景.由于化合物结构的复杂,对MnSi1.7能带结构的研究仅限于实验上,而且不同实验测量的能隙值不同.首次利用"第一性原理",对MnSi1.7(Mn4Si7相)的电子特性进行了理论计算.计算结果表明,MnSi17(Mn4Si7)具有0.83 eV的直接能隙,这预示了MnSi1.7在光电上有着重要的应用前景.     

飞秒激光烧蚀硅的瞬态演化特性仿真

为深入揭示飞秒激光烧蚀硅的瞬态演化特性,建立了飞秒激光烧蚀硅材料理论模型,并进行了仿真研究。研究表明:飞秒激光可在脉宽时间内激发大量的电子,使其浓度超过损伤阈值,而此时晶格仍保持在较"冷"状态,直到1 ns量级才达到熔点温度;电子温度也会在脉宽时间内急剧拉升至104K量级,随后将能量缓慢地释放给晶格,直到10 ns量级才与晶格达到热平衡。电子存在两次急剧升温的过程:第一次起于自由电子吸收,止于电子与晶格的能量耦合;第二次起于单光子和双光子吸收,止于脉冲结束。脉冲能量越大,电子密度和温度越高;脉宽越短,电子温度越高。     

A general strategic capacity planning model under demand uncertainty

Capacity planning decisions affect a significant portion of future revenue. In equipment intensive industries, these decisions usually need to be made in the presence of both highly volatile demand and long capacity installation lead times. For a multiple product case, we present a continuous‐time capacity planning model that addresses problems of realistic size and complexity found in current practice. Each product requires specific operations that can be performed by one or more tool groups. We consider a number of capacity allocation policies. We allow tool retirements in addition to purchases because the stochastic demand forecast for each product can be decreasing. We present a cluster‐based heuristic algorithm that can incorporate both variance reduction techniques from the simulation literature and the principles of a generalized maximum flow algorithm from the network optimization literature. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

化学敏感材料的应用与发展

对敏感材料的特点、分类及其在科技、化工等领域内的广泛应用和发展前景 ,进行了较全面的综述